Meta-Analysis the Effect of Sensory Integration Therapy on Sensoric and Motoric Development in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2022.07.01.06Abstract
Background: It is estimated that 90% of children diagnosed with ASD will show impaired sensory processing. Children with sensory processing problems present with delayed motor development which is caused by an underlying disorder in their ability to interpret sensations. Sensory integration therapy is one of the therapeutic methods to overcome sensory and motor problems. This study aims to estimate the effect of sensory integration therapy on sensory and motor development in children with autism spectrum disorders.
Subjects and Method: This research was conducted using a systematic review study design and a meta-analysis conducted with PRISMA flow diagrams. The article search process was carried out between 2011-2021 using databases from PubMed, Science Direct, AJOT, Springer Link, and Google Scholar. The keywords used are “sensory integration” OR “sensory integration therapy” OR “ayres sensory integration” OR “sensory intervention” OR “sensory stimulation” AND “sensory processing” OR “sensory skills” OR “sensory system” AND “motor skills ” OR “motor developmental” AND “autism spectrum disorder” OR “autism”. Based on the database, there were 16 articles that met the inclusion criteria. The study design used was a Randomized Control Trial (RCT). The analysis was carried out using RevMan 5.3 software.
Results: The meta-analysis is of 16 articles consisting of the continents of Asia, America, and Australia. Results showed that sensory integration therapy improved sensory development (SMD = 0.14; 95% CI -0.64 to 0.92; p = 0.73) and motor development (SMD = 0.42; 95% CI -0.27 to 1.11; p = 0.24).
Conclusion: Sensory integration therapy did not significantly improve sensory and motor development in children with autism spectrum disorders.
Keywords:
sensory integration therapy, sensory, motor, autism, meta-analysisReferences
American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders-5 edition. London : American Psychiatric Publishing.
Ben-Sasson A, Gal E, Fluss R, Katz-Zetler N, Cermak SA. (2019). Pembaruan meta-analisis gejala sensorik di ASD: dekade baru penelitian (An updated meta-analysis of sensory symptoms in ASD: a new decade of research). J Autism Dev Disord. 4974–4996. doi: 10.1007/s10803019041800.
Beevi TMA, Nimya M, Xavier EK. (2020). A randomised control trial to evaluate the effectiveness of sensory integration therapy on motor activity amongst children with intellectual disability. Indian J Adv Nurs. 29(6): 425-429. https://doi.org/10.5001/omj.2014.113.
Camarata S, Miller LJ,Wallace MT. (2020). Evaluating Sensory Integration /Sensory Processing Treatment: Issues and Analysis. Front. Neurosci. 14 (November), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnint.2020.556660.
Case-Smith J, Weaver LL, Fristad MA (2015). Sebuah tinjauan sistematis dari intervensi pemrosesan sensorik untuk anak-anak dengan gangguan spektrum autisme (A systematic review of sensory processing interventions for children with autism spectrum disorders). Autism. 133-148. doi: 10.1177/ 1362361313517762.
Dahlan MS. (2012). Seri 12 Pengantar Meta-Analisis: Disertai Aplikasi Meta Analisis dengan Menggunakan Program Excel (Series 12 Introduction to Meta-Analysis: Accompanied by Meta-Analysis Applications Using the Excel Program). PT. Epidemiologi Indonesia.
Ebrahimi M, Amin A, Salari SM, Danaiefard F. (2016). The effectiveness of sensory integration, emphasizing the proprioceptive and vestibular senses on children academic achievement suffering from Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Iran Stud. 91-95. https://doi.org/17.1189/ifn.2016.563660.
El Shemy SA, El-Sayed MS. (2018). The impact of auditory rhythmic cueing on gross motor skills in children with autism. J Phys Ther Sci. 30(8), 1063–1068. https://doi.org/10.1589/jpts.30 .1063.
Fazlioǧlu Y, Baran G (2011). A sensory integration therapy program on sensory problems for children with autism. Percept Mot Skills. 106(2), 415 –422. https://doi.org/10.2466/PMS.106.2.415-422.
Hana P, Kim K. (2019). Effects of Ayres sensory integration intervention on sensory processing ability and motor development in children with ASD. Adv. Autism. 17(2): 18–30. https: //doi.org/10.899/HIN.17.2.18-30.
Hodges H, Fealko C, Soares N. (2020). Autism spectrum disorder: Definition, epidemiology, causes, and clinical evaluation. Pediatrics. 9(8): S55–S65. https://doi.org/10.21037/tp.2019.09.09.
Karim AAE, Mohammed AH (2015). Effectiveness of sensory integration program in motor skills in children with autism. Egypt. J. Medical Hum. Genet. 16(4), 375–380. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmhg.2014.12.008.
Kashefimehr B, Kayihan H, Huri M (2018). The effect of sensory integration therapy on occupational performance in children with autism. Thorofare N J. 38(2), 75–83. https://doi.org/10.1177 /1539449217743456.
Lourenço, C. (2015). The effect of a trampoline-based training program on the muscle strength of the inferior limbs and motor proficiency in children with autism spectrum disorders. J. Phys. Educ. Sport. 15(3), 592–597. https://doi.org/10.7752/ jpes.2015.03089.
May-Benson TA, Koomar JA (2010). Systematic review of the research evidence examining the effectiveness of inter-ventions using a sensory integrative approach for children. Am J Occup Ther. 64: 403-414. https: //doi.org/10.7689/ajo.86.2.403-414.
Miller LJ, Anzalone M, Lane S, Cermak S, Osten E (2011). Konsep integrasi sensorik evolusi: nosologi yang diusulkan untuk diagnosis (Evolutionary sensory integration concept: proposed nosology for diagnosis). Am J Occup Ther. 135-140. http://doi.org//10.5014/ajo.61.2.135.
Miller LJ, Fuller DA, Roetenberg J. (2014). Anak-anak Sensasional: Harapan dan Bantuan untuk Anak Dengan Gangguan Pemrosesan Sensorik (SPD). New York, NY: Penguin.
Mills CJ, Chapparo C, Hinitt J. (2020). The impact of sensory activity schedule (SAS) intervention on classroom task performance in students with autisma pilot randomised controlled trial. Adv. Autism. https://doi.org/10.1108/AIA0520190015
Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, Altman DG, Altman D, Antes G, Atkins D, et al. (2009). Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: The PRISMA statement. PLoS Med. 6(7).https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000097.
Murti B. (2018). Prinsip dan Metode Riset Epidemiologi (edisi IV) (Epidemiological Research Principles and Methods (IV ed). Program Studi Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat, Program Pascasarjana, Universitas Sebelas Maret.
Muthusamy R, Padmanabhan R, Ninan B, Ganesan S. (2021). Impact of sensory processing dysfunction on fine motor skills in autism spectrum disorders. Physiother. Q. 29(2): 44–48. https:// doi.org/10.5114/pq.2020.100277.
Myles BS (2007). Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Handbook for Parents and Professionals. London, England: Greenwood Publishing Group.
Padmanabha H, Singhi P, Sahu JK, Malhi P. (2019). Home-based Sensory Interventions in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Indian J Pediatr. 86(1): 18–25. https://doi.org/10.1007/ s1209801827474.
Pfeiffer BA, Koenig K, Kinnealey M, Sheppard M, Henderson L (2011). Efektivitas intervensi integrasi sensorik pada anak-anak dengan gangguan spektrum autisme: studi percontohan (Effectiveness of sensory integration interventions in children with autism spectrum disorders: a pilot study). Am J of Occup Ther. 76-85. doi: 10.5014/ajot.2011.09205.
Rabeyron T, Robledo del Canto JP, Carasco, E, Bisson V, Bodeau N, Vrait FX, Berna F, et al. (2020). A randomized controlled trial of 25 sessions comparing music therapy and music listening for children with autism spectrum disorder. Psychiatry Res. 293(August): 113377. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113377.
Randell E (2019). Sensory integration therapy versus usual care for sensory processing difficulties in autism spectrum disorder in children: Study protocol for a pragmatic randomised controlled trial. Trials. 20(1): 1–11. doi: 10.1186/s130630193205y.
