Nursing Intervention in Children with Diarrhea: A Case Study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2021.06.06.11Abstract
Background: Diarrhea or gastroenteritis is a condition as watery bowel movements more than three times a day for two consecutive days, which may or may not be related to pathological conditions. Diarrhea can occur in all age groups, both toddlers, children and adults with various social groups. Diarrhea is the second leading cause of death in children under five years and almost 1.7 billion cases of diarrhea occur in children with a mortality rate of around 525,000. This study aims to describe the application of knowledge and practice of nursing care in children with diarrhea with the problem of risk of hypovolemia due to active fluid loss.
Subjects and Method: This was a qualitative study with a phenomenological approach. The study was conducted at the Pontianak Level II Government Hospital, for 2 weeks. The sample used in this study were 4 key informants from 6 planned respondents and 3 triangulated informants. The key informants are nurses who work in the child care room, while the 3 triangulation informants are the client's family. The study variables were optimizing nursing interventions and diarrhea in children. Data collection was carried out by structured and direct interviews using a tape recorder before it was analyzed.
Results: This study identified several themes such as meeting fluid needs, decreasing body temperature, and preventing damage to skin integrity, but in the case of diarrhea in children, meeting fluid needs is the nurse's main intervention that must be done in overcoming hypovolemia without forgetting the involvement of parents.
Conclusion: Meeting fluid needs is a nurse's top priority in providing nursing care to diarrhea patients to prevent hypovolemia.
Keywords:
active fluids, diarrhea, intervention, nurseReferences
Afiyanti Y (2014). Metodologi penelitian kualitatif dalam riset keperawatan (Qualitative research methodology in nursing research). Jakarta Raja: Grafindo Persada.
Dharmayanti I, Tjandrarini D (2020). Peran lingkungan dan individu terhadap masalah diare di pulau jawa dan Bali (The role of the environment and the individual on the problem of diarrhea on the islands of Java and Bali). Jurnal Ekologi kesehatan. 19(2): 84-93. doi: 10.22435/jek.v19i2.3192.
Dinkes Prov Kalbar (2018). Hasil riset kesehatan dasar tahun 2018 Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi Kalimantan barat (The results of basic health research in 2018 West Kalimantan Provincial Health Office).
Dyah RWL, Yunita DPS (2017). Di kelurahan Bandarharjo. J Health Educ. 2(1): 39–46. doi: 10.15294/jhe.v2i1.13867.
Hidayat AA (2011). Metode penelitian keperawatan dan tehnik analisis data (Nursing research methods and data analysis techniques). Jakarta: Salemba Medika.
Machfoedz I (2013). Metodologi penelitian (kuantitatif dan kualitatif) (Research methodology (quantitative and qualitative). Bidang kesehatan, keperawatan, kebidanan, kedokteran. Yogyakarta: Fitramaya.
Kemenkes RI. (2018). Hasil Riset Kesehatan Dasar Tahun 2018. Kementerian Kesehatan RI, 53(9), 1689–1699.
Kristiyanasari Weni (2010). Asuhan keperawatan neonatus dan anak. Yogyakarta: Nuha Medika.
PPNI (2018). Standar diagnosis keperawatan Indonesia: definisi dan indikator (Indonesian nursing diagnosis standards: definitions and indicators). Edisi ke 1. Jakarta: Dewan pengurus pusat persatuan perawat nasional Indonesia.
PPNI (2018). Standar luaran keperawatan Indonesia: Definisi dan kriteria hasil. Edisi ke 1 (Indonesian nursing outcome standards: Definitions and outcome criteria. 1st edition). Jakarta: Dewan pengurus pusat persatuan perawat nasional Indonesia.
Prabowo PA, Sulistyorini L, Juliningrum PP (2020). Gambaran balance cairan pada anak diare setelah diberikan pemenuhan kebutuhan cairan di Rumah Sakit Kaliwates Jember (Overview of fluid balance in children with diarrhea after being given fluid needs at Kaliwates Jember Hospital). Pustaka Kesehatan. 8(3): 147. doi: 10.19184/pk.v8i3.18945.
Putra DSH, Prasetyo H, Santuso H, Musi FI, Anwar HC, Alfian, Tiarningsih NF, et al. (2014). Keperawatan anak dan tumbuh kembang (pengkajian dan pengukuran) (Child care and growth and development (assessment and measurement). Yogjakarta: Nuha Medika.
Sugiyono (2017). Metode penelitian kuantitatif, kualitatif, dan R&D (Quantitative, qualitative, and R&D research methods). Bandung: Alfabeta, CV.
Wilhelmus H (2015). Riset kualitatif aplikasi penelitian ilmu keperawatan (Qualitative research application of nursing science research). Jakarta: Trans Info Media.
Zicof E, ahardjo S, Murti B (2018). Multilevel analysis: biopsychosocial determinants and environmental factor on the incidence of diarrhea among children under five in Surakarta. Journal Epidemiol and Public Health. 03(03): 323–330. DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2018.03.03.03
