The Nutritional Status of Breastfeeding Mothers and Breastfeeding Adequacy in Indonesia: A Systematic Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2024.09.04.02Abstract
Background: One of the basic capitals for the formation of quality human beings is the consumption of breast milk. The amount of breast milk produced is highly dependent on the mother's diet. This study aimed to identify the relationship between the nutritional status of breastfeeding mothers and breast milk adequacy in Indonesia.
Subjects and Method: This was a systematic review using PICO model to formulate the research question. Population= breastfeeding mothers. Intervention= adequate BMI and MUAC. Comparation= poor BMI and MUAC. Outcome= breast milk adequacy. The database used is Google Scholar with keywords “Anthropometry” OR “BMI” OR “Breastfeeding mothers” OR “breast milk adequacy” OR “Indonesia”. There were 10 cross-sectional studies and 2 cohort studies published in 2011-2023 that met the inclusion criteria.
Results: There is mostly a relationship between the nutritional status of breastfeeding mothers as measured by BMI and MUAC with the adequacy of breast milk.
Conclusion: The adequacy of breast milk can be influenced by the nutritional status of the mother while breastfeeding. The nutritional status of breastfeeding mothers is no less important than the nutritional status of pregnant women so that risks such as stunting do not occur.
Keywords:
anthropometry, body mass index, breastfeeding mothers, milk adequacyReferences
Allen LH (2012). B Vitamins in breast milk: relative importance of maternal status and intake, and effects on infant status and function. American Society for Nutrition. 3: 362–369. Available at: https://doi.org/10.3945/an.111.001172.362.
Anggraeni S, Nirmala A (2019). Hubungan indeks masa tubuh dan lingkar lengan atas ibu menyusui terhadap status gizi bayi usia 0-12 bulan di Pekon Pagelaran Kabupaten Pringsewu (The relationship between body mass index and upper arm circumference of breastfeeding mothers and the nutritional status of infants aged 0-12 months in Pekon Pagelaran, Pringsewu Regency). Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan. 8(1): 7–14.
Ardiny F, Rahayuni A (2013). Hubungan status gizi ibu dengan status gizi bayi usia 5 – 6 bulan yang mendapat asi eksklusif (The relationship between maternal nutritional status and the nutritional status of infants aged 5-6 months who receive exclusive breastfeeding). Journal of Nutrition College, 2, pp. 600–607.
Arisman (2007). Gizi dalam daur kehidupan (Nutrition in the life cycle). Jakarta: EGC.
Banudi L (2018). Gizi kesehatan reproduksi buku saku bidan (Reproductive health nutrition midwife pocket book). Jakarta: EGC.
Berhe K, Kidanemariam A, Gebremariam, G, Gebremariam A (2019). Prevalence and associated factors of adolescent undernutrition in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Nutrition. 5(1): 1–13. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1186/s4079501903094.
Damayanti NA, Doda V, Rompas S (2020). Status gizi, umur, pekerjaan dengan pemberian asi eksklusif pada bayi usia 6-12 bulan saat ibu kembali bekerja. Jurnal Keperawatan. 8(1): 23. Available at: https://doi.org/10.35790/jkp.v8i1.2840.
Demissie T, Mekonen Y, Haider J (2003). Agroecological comparison of levels and correlates of nutritional status of women. Ethiopian J.health aDev: 189–196.
Handayani S, Fatmawati N (2022). Phytochemical screening of alkaloid and steroid compounds on katuk leaF (Sauropus androgynus (L.) Merr) as an effort to increase breast milk production. JKM (Journal of Midwifery Malahayati. 8(1): 196-200. DOI 10.33024, http://ejurnalmalahayati.ac.id/index.php/kebidanan
Irawati A, Triwinarto A, Salimar, Raswanti I (2003). Pengaruh status gizi ibu selama kehamilan dan menyusui terhadap keberhasilan pemberian ASI (The influence of maternal nutritional status during pregnancy and breastfeeding on the success of breastfeeding). PGM. 26(2): 10–19.
Iskandar I (2022). Profil indeks massa tubuh dan laktasi pada ibu multipara (Body mass index and lactation profile in multiparous mothers). Nursing Inside Community. 4(2): 59–65.
Jayatissa R, Fernando DN, Herath H, Jayawardana R (2017). National nutrition survey of lactating women in sri lanka. Survey Report. 1–35. Available at: https://www.unicef.org/srilanka/Nutrition_Survey__Iron_Zinc_Calcium_deficiency_among_children.pdf.
Kemenkes RI (2022). Profil Kesehatan Indonesia 2021 (Indonesia Health Profile 2021) Pusdatin.Kemenkes.go.id.
Maqfiro SNA, Tyas R (2018). Hubungan status gizi dan frekuensi menyusui dengan kelancaran asi pada ibu post partum di Puskesmas Sukorame Kediri (The relationship between nutritional status and breastfeeding frequency with the smoothness of breast milk in postpartum mothers at the Sukorame Kediri Health Center). Jurnal Kebidanan. 7. Available at: https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.47560/keb.v7i1.98.
Marcos A, Nova E, Montero A (2003). Changes in the immune system are conditioned by nutrition. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 57. pp. S66–S69. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601819.
Nugroho T, Nurrezki, Desi W, Wilis (2014). Buku ajar asuhan kebidanan nifas (Postpartum midwifery care textbook). Yogyakarta: Nuha Medika.
Nur A, Dulambuti R (2019). Berat badan ibu terhadap produksi ASI di Puskesmas Jongaya Makassar (Maternal weight on breast milk production at Jongaya Health Center Makassar). Hasanuddin Journal of Midwifery. 1(1): 28–33.
Paath EF (2005). Gizi dalam kesehatan reproduksi (Nutrition in reproductive health). Jakarta: EGC.
Picciano, M.F (2001). Nutrient composition of human milk. Pediatric Clinics of North America. 48(1): 53–67. Avai-lable at: https://doi.org/10.1016/S00313955(05)702856.
Prawirohardjo S (2013). Ilmu kebidanan (Obstetrics). Jakarta: Yayasan Bina Sarwono.
Pujiastuti N, Anantasari R, Kasiati (2020). Pelatihan kader posyandu dalam pemberdayaan (Posyandu cadre training in empowerment). Jurnal Masyarakat Mandiri. 4(6):. 1–10.
Pusporini AD, Pangestuti DR, Rahfiludin, MZ (2021). Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan praktik ASI Eksklusif di daerah pertanian Kabupaten Semarang (Studi pada Ibu yang memiliki Bayi usia 0−6 bulan) (Factors related to exclusive breastfeeding practices in agricultural areas of Semarang Regency (Study on mothers with babies aged 0-6 months). Media Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia. 20(2): 83–90. Available at: https://doi.org/10.14710/mkmi.20.2.8390.
Rahmawati SD, Saidah H (2021). Hubungan antara status gizi dan paritas dengan kelancaran produksi asi pada Ibu post partum di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Cipanas Kabupaten Garut (The relationship between nutritional status and parity with the smooth production of breast milk in postpartum mothers in the working area of Cipanas Health Center, Garut Regency). Jurnal Nusantara Medika. 5(1): 55–63. Available at: https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.29407/judika.v5i1.16326.
Roesli U, Yohmi, E (2008). Manajemen laktasi. Bedah asi: kajian dari berbagai sudut pandang ilmiah (Lactation management. Breast milk surgery: studies from various scientific points of view). Jakarta: Balai Penerbit FK UI.
Rohman MA (2020). Hubungan antara status gizi ibu dan usia ibu terhadap pemberian asi eksklusif (The relationship between maternal nutritional status and maternal age on exclusive breastfeeding). Available at: http://eprints.ums.ac.id/id/eprint/85956.
Soi B, Julia M, Budiningsari RD (2006). Pengaruh status gizi ibu menyusui terhadap eksklusivitas pemberian ASI dan pertumbuhan bayi di RSUD Prof. Dr. WZ. Johannes Kupang (The effect of nutritional status of breastfeeding mothers on the exclusivity of breastfeeding and infant growth at Prof. Dr. WZ. Johannes Kupang Regional Hospital). Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia. 2(3): 101. Available at: https://doi.org/10.22146/ijcn.17431.
Supariasa IDN (2002). Penilaian status gizi (Nutritional status assessment). Jakarta: EGC.
Triatmaja NT, Hidayat A (2018). Determinan masalah gizi kurang (status kurang energi kronis) pada ibu menyusui berdasarkan aspek individu dan Rumah Tangga Di Kota Kediri. Jurnal Wiyata (Determinants of malnutrition problems (chronic energy deficiency status) in breastfeeding mothers based on individual and household aspects in Kediri City. Wiyata Journal). 5(2): 69–76.
Wardana RK, Widyastuti N, Pramono A (2018). Hubungan asupan zat gizi makro dan status gizi ibu menyusui dengan kandungan zat gizi makro pada air susu ibu (ASI) di Kelurahan Bandarharjo Semarang. Journal of Nutrition College. 7(3): 107–113. Available at: https://doi.org/10.14710/jnc.v7i3.22269.
Zahro W, Pangestuti DR, Widajanti L (2016). Pola pemberian air susu ibu (asi) dan status gizi ibu menyusui di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kedungmundu, Kota Semarang (Breast milk provision patterns and nutritional status of breastfeeding mothers in the working area of Kedungmundu Health Center, Semarang City). Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat. 4(3): 272–281. Available at: http://ejournals1.undip.ac.id/index.php/jkm.
