Social Cognitive Theory on the Domestic Violence in Yogyakarta
Abstract
Background: Domestic violence (also named domestic abuse or family violence) is violence or other abuse by one person against another in a domestic setting, such as in marriage or cohabitation. This study aimed to explore domestic violence in Yogyakarta using Social Cognitive Theory.
Subjects and Method: This was a qualitative study using phenomenology approach. The study was carried out in a non-government organization, in Yogyakarta, in November 2018. The key informants included counselor at the Swadaya Masyarakat Rifka Annisa Yogyakarta and two victims of domestic violence. The data were collected by in-depth interview, participative observation, and document review.
Results:There were variations of domestic violence, but the majority stemmed from external factors. Social environment, perceived gender equality, socioeconomic factor, and patriarchal culture affected the incidence of domestic violence. The educational background did not affect the risk of domestic violence. All victims experienced domestic violence due to gender inequality in decision making. Domestic violence could be physical or psychic.
Conclusion: Domestic violence is affected by social environment, perceived gender equality, socioeconomic factor, and patriarchal culture. The educational background did not affect the risk of domestic violence.
Keywords: domestic violence, Social Cognitive Theory
Correspondence:
References
Adjah ESO, Agbemafle I (2016). Determinants of domestic violence against women in Ghana. BMC Public Health, 16:368. DOI 10.1186/s12889-016-30-41-x.
Asmarany J (2012). Buku Panduan Internalisasi Pendidikan Karakter Sekolah. Yogjakarta: Diva Press.
Begum S, Donta B, Nair S, Prakasam CP (2015). Socio-demographic factors associated with domestic violence in urban slums, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. Indian J Med Res, 141(6): 783
Donny A (2016). Kekerasan dalam rumah tangga terhadap istri (Studi pada lima permasalahan ekonomi dalam keluarga di Kota Samarinda Kalimatan Timur). eJournal Sosiatri Sosiologi, 4(4): 58 -74.
Donta B, Nair S, Begum S, Prakasam CP. (2016). Association of domestic violence from husband and women empowerment in slum community, Mumbai. J Interpers Violence, 31(12): 2227-39. doi: 10.1177/088626051557-3574.
Field S, Onah M, Heyningen TV, Honikman S (2018). Domestic and intimate partner violence among pregnant women in a low resource setting in South Africa: A Facility-Based, Mixed Methods Study. BMC Women's Health, 18:119.
Maisah (2016). Rumah Tangga dan HAM: Studi atas Trend Kekerasan dalam Rumah Tangga di Provinsi Jambi. Musawa, 15(1).
Mufidah, 2008. Psikologi Kekuarga Islam Berwawasan Gender, Malang: UIN Malang Press.
Nurrachmawati A, Nurohma, Rini PM. (2013). A Potrait of Health of Women Who Are The Victims of Domestice Violence (A Case Study from The Integrated Service of Women and Child Empowerment in East Kalimantan). Jurnal Kesehatan Reproduksi. 3(1): 24-37.
Prianto, Budhy D, Akbari. (2013). Rendahnya Komitmen dalam Perkawinan sebagai Sebab Perceraian dalam Junral Komunitas. Research and Learning in Sociology and Anthropologi, 5 (2).
Ramadani M, Yuliani F (2015). Kekerasan dalam rumah tangga (KDRT) sebagai salah satu isu kesehatan masyarakat secara global. Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Andalas, 9(2): 80-87.
Ramadhan RA (2018). Pengaruh kekerasan dalam rumah tangga (KDRT) terhadap tingkat keharmonisan dalam keluarga di kelurahan Umban Sari Kecamatan Rumbai Kota Pekanbaru. J OM FISIP, 5 (1).
Rofiah N (2017). Kekerasan dalam rumah tangga dalam perspektif Islam. Jurnal Ilmiah Agama dan Sosial Budaya 2(1): 31-44.
Selviana M (2010). Sikap Istri terhadap kekerasan dalam rumah tangga (studi di wilayah kampung
Semahegn A, Mengistie B (2015). Domestic violence against women and associated factors in Ethiopia; Systematic Review. Reproductive Health, 12:78 doi 10.1186/s12978-015-0072-1.
Syufri (2009). Perspektif Sosiologis Tentang Kekerasan Terhadap Perempuan Dalam Rumah Tangga. Universitas Tadulako. http://jurnal.untad.ac.id/jurnal/index.php/academica.
Trinh OTH, Juhwan O, Choi S, To KG, Do VA (2016). Changes and socioeconomic factors associated with attitudes towards domestic violence among Vietnamese women aged 15
Undang-Undang No 23 Tahun 2004 Ten-tang Penghapusan Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga (PKDRT).
Unwoman.org. (2017). Diakses pada 8 Agustus 2018 pada website http://www.unwomen.org/en/what-we-do/ending-violence-againstwomen/facts-and-figures.
Vameghi R, Akbari SAA, Majd HA, Sajedi F, Sajjadi H (2018). The comparison of socioeconomic status, perceived social support and mental status in women of reproductive age Experiencing and Not Experiencing Domestic Violence in Iran. J Inj Violence Res, 10(1): 3544.doi: 10.5249/jivr.v10i1.983.
Wahab R (2010). Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga: Perspektif Psikologis dan Edukatif.
WHO (2017). Violence against women. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/violence-against-women.
