Relationships between Smoking, Age, Body Mass Index, and Abstinence with DNA Fragmentation Index in Male Infertile Patients
Abstract
Background: Infertility increases annually, by 0.370% in women and 0.291% in men. One of the causes of male infertility is idiopathic in the form of cigarettes, alcohol, drugs, obesity, psychological stress, old age, dietary factors, and exposure to toxins in the environment or work. These factors can cause oxidative stress that can lead to sperm DNA damage or sperm DNA fragmentation as measured through the DNA Fragmentation Index (DFI). So this study to analyzed about the relationship between smoking, age, Body Mass Index, and abstinence period with DNA Fragmentation Index in infertile patient.
Subjects and Method: This type of research is observational analytics with a cross-sectional approach. The study was conducted at the Sekar Clinic of Dr. Moewardi Hospital Surakarta. A total of 35 subjects of male infertility patients performed DNA examinations of sperm fragmentation. Inde
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