Factorial Validity and Reliability of a Food Behavior Checklist for Japanese Pregnant and Postpartum Women

Authors

  • Megumi Fujita Yamagata University Graduate School of Medical Science, School of Nursing , Japan
  • Sanae Yamaguchi Fukushima Medical University School of Nursing
  • Jinan Banna Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources Agricultural Sciences 216 University of Hawaii at Manoa
  • Asuka Suzuki Department of Dietetics and Nutrition School of Health Professions The University of Kansas Medical Center

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2023.08.06.06

Abstract

Background: Dietary education programs for pregnant and postpartum Japanese women are conducted during health check-ups and in childbirth education classes, but there is no tool to evaluate their food behavior. Therefore, this study examined the factorial validity, test–retest reliability, and internal consistency of the food behavior checklist (FBC) for pregnant and postpartum Japanese women.

Subjects and Method: This was a longitudinal study. We screened 4,000 women aged 18–45 years who were either pregnant or nursing an infant aged <1 years and enrolled in Freeasy, a platform with 4.5 million panels. Data were collected from 97 pregnant women and 203 postpartum women through an online survey. They completed the 21-item FBC on a web survey twice at an interval of 3 weeks. After performing principal component analyses, internal consistency was calculated using Cronbach’s α. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and kappa (κ) coefficient were calculated to assess the test–retest reliability.

Results: There were 21 items loaded on six factors (fruit and vegetable quantity, vegetable variety, balanced fish and meat intake, sweetened beverages, eating habits, and food consciousness). Cronbach’s α for the total scale was 0.77. ICC for the test–retest reliability of individual items ranged from 0.35 to 0.62, and ICC for the total scale was 0.62. The κ coefficient values ranged from 0.26 to 0.52, indicating fair-to-moderate strength of agreement between the test and retest.

Conclusion: The FBC demonstrated factorial validity, test–retest reliability, and internal consistency, indicating its potential application in evaluating the effects of the dietary education programs on pregnant and postpartum women, which include taking a staple meal, folic acid, and avoiding raw food consumption. This compact tool can be conveniently used by midwives and provide practical guidance during maternal health check-ups.

Keywords: pregnant, postpartum, dietary, checklist, reproducibility.

Correspondence: Megumi Fujita. Yamagata University, 2-2-2 Iida Nishi Yamagata, 990-9585, Japan. Email: f.megumi@med.id.yamagata-u.ac.jp Mobile: + 81 23-628-5443.

References

Banna JC, Vera Becerra LE, Kaiser LL, Townsend MS (2010). Using qualitative methods to improve questionnaires for Spanish speakers: assessing face validity of a food behavior checklist. J Am Diet Assoc. 110(1): 80-90. doi: 10.1016/j.jada.2009.10.002

Banna JC, Buchthal OV, Tauyan S (2015). Assessing face validity of a food behavior checklist for limited-resource Filipinos. Hawaii J Med Public Health; 74(10): 334-340

Banna JC, Townsend MS (2011). Assessing factorial and convergent validity and reliability of a food behaviour checklist for Spanish-speaking participants in US Department of Agriculture nutrition education programmes. Public Health Nutr.14(7): 1165-1176. doi: 10.1017/S1368980010003058

Bonett DG (2002). Sample size requirements for estimating intraclass correlations with desired precision. Stat Med. 21(9): 1331-1335. doi: 10.1002/sim.1108

Friedman S, Richardson SE, Jacobs SE, O’Brien K (2000). Systemic Candida infection in extremely low birth weight infants: short term morbidity and long term neurodevelopmental outcome. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 19(6):499-504. doi: 10.1097/0000645420000600000002

Fujita M, Yamaguchi S (2022). Assessing face validity of a food behavior checklist for Japanese nursing mothers. article in Japanese. Bosei Eisei. 63: 243-249

Fujita M, Tsubota M, Ishida M (2015). A pilot study of total energy, three major nutrients and food intakes among pregnant women: A comparison with nulliparous and multiparous women in Miyagi, Japan. Int J Nurs Clin Pract. 2(2):115. doi: 10.15344/23944978/2015/115

Gluckman PD, Hanson MA (2004). Living with the past: evolution, development, and patterns of disease. Science. 305(5691): 1733-1736. doi: 10.1126/science.1095292

Hersey JCS, Blitstein J, Williams P (2014). SNAPEd can improve nutrition of low-income Americans across life span; [cited Jan 30, 2023]. Retrieved from: https://www.rti.org/sites/default/files/resources/rr00231406cates.pdf

Hirao N, Koizumi K, Ikeda H, Ohira H (2021). Reliability of online surveys in investigating perceptions and impressions of faces. Front Psychol. 12: 733405. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.733405

Israel GD (2023). Determining sample size; November 1992. University of Florida. Fact sheet PEOD6 Retrieved from: https://zulsidi.tripod.com/pdf/DeterminingSampleSizes.pdf

Koo TK, Li MY (2016). A guideline of selecting and reporting intraclass correlation coefficients for reliability research. J Chiropr Med. 15(2):155-163. doi: 10.1016/j.jcm.2016.02.012

Kusuda S, Fujimura M, Uchiyama A, Totsu S, Matsunami K, Neonatal Research Network, Japan (2012). Trends in morbidity and mortality among very-low-birth-weight infants from 2003 to 2008 in Japan. Pediatr Res. 72(5):531-538. doi: 10.1038/pr.2012.114

Landis JR, Koch GG (1977). The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data. Biometrics. 33(1):159-174. doi: 10.2307/2529310

Marilyn T, Christine D, Larissa L, Diane M, Anna M (2006). Administering the food stamp program food behavior checklist. Townsendlab Web site. Published. Retrieved from: http://Townsendlab.ucdavis.edu.

Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (2006). Dietary guidelines for pregnant and lactating women [guidelines] Retrived from: https://www.mhlw.go.jp/houdou/2006/02/h02013a.html. Health parents and children 21 report. Vol. 21 [report].

Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (2021). Contents Part 2. Handbook of health and welfare statistics. Health.

Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare Maternal and Child Health Handbook Information Support Site [cited Jan 25, 2023]. Retrieved from: https://mchbook.cfa.go.jp.

Murakami K, Shinozaki N, McCaffrey TA, Livingstone MBE, Sasaki S (2021a). Data-driven development of the Meal-based Diet History Questionnaire for Japanese adults. Br J Nutr. 126(7): 1056-1064. doi: 10.1017/S0007114520004936

Murakami K, Shinozaki N, Masayasu S, Livingstone MBE (2021b). Web-based personalized nutrition system for delivering dietary feedback based on behavior change techniques: development and pilot study among dietitians. Nutrients. 13(10):3391. doi: 10.3390/nu13103391

Murphy SP, Kaiser LL, Townsend MS, Allen LH (2001). Evaluation of validity of items for a food behavior checklist. J Am Diet Assoc. 101(7):751-761. doi: 10.1016/S00028223(01)001894

Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. Health status, infant health: low birthweight [cited Jan 15, 2023]. last updated on Jul 4, 2022 https://stats.oecd.org/Index.aspx?DataSetCode=HEALTH_STAT.

Okubo H, Miyake Y, Sasaki S, Tanaka K, Murakami K, Hirota Y et al. (2011). Nutritional adequacy of three dietary patterns defined by cluster analysis in 997 pregnant Japanese women: the Osaka Maternal and Child Health Study. Public Health Nutr. 14(4):611-621. doi: 10.1017/S1368980010002521

Omizu Y, Egawa Y, Nkamura H, Shimada T (2010). About the relation between pregnant woman’s eating habits and the medical treatment person’s meal guidance. article in Japanese. Bosei Eisei.;50:575-585.

Prochaska JO, Velicer WF (1997). The transtheoretical model of health behavior change. Am J Health Promot. 12(1): 38-48. doi: 10.4278/0890117112.1.38

Putz P, Kogler B, Bersenkowitsch I (2019). Reliability and validity of assessing energy and nutrient intake with the Vienna food record: A cross-over randomised study. Nutr J.;18(1):7. doi: 10.1186/s1293701904319

Shinozaki N, Murakami K, Asakura K, Masayasu S, Sasaki S (2020). Identification of dish-based dietary patterns for breakfast, lunch, and dinner and their diet quality in Japanese adults. Nutrients. 13(1):67. doi: 10.3390/nu13010067

Streiner DL (2003). Starting at the beginning: an introduction to coefficient alpha and internal consistency. J Pers Assess. 80(1):99-103. doi: 10.1207/S15327752JPA8001_18

Suzuki A, Choi SY, Lim E, Tauyan S, Banna JC (2017). Evaluation of factorial validity and reliability of a food behavior checklist for low-income Filipinos. J Nutr Educ Behav. 49(7):593-598.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jneb.2017.04.019

Takimoto H, Yoshiike N, Katagiri A, Ishida H, Abe S (2003). Nutritional status of pregnant and lactating women in Japan: A comparison with non-pregnant/ non-lactating controls in the National Nutrition Survey. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 29(2):96-103. doi: 10.1046/j.13418076.2002.00078.x

Takimoto H, Yonezawa J, Shimada M, Kato N, Yokoyama T (2013). Current status of practice of providing dietary advice to pregnant women by members of the Japanese Midwives’ Association. Knowledge and utilization of the ”Dietary Guidelines for Pregnant and Lactating Women”. article in Japanese. [Nihon Koshu Eisei Zasshi]. Jpn J Public Health. 60(1):37-46

Tonan K, Sonoda A, Ono Y (1995). Production of the subjective well-being inventory. It’s reliability and validity. J Health Psychol. 8:12-19.

Downloads

Published

2023-11-16

How to Cite

Fujita, M., Yamaguchi, S., Banna, J., & Suzuki, A. (2023). Factorial Validity and Reliability of a Food Behavior Checklist for Japanese Pregnant and Postpartum Women. Journal of Maternal and Child Health, 8(6), 723–734. https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2023.08.06.06

Issue

Section

Articles